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\data\typol\typology
Number: 241
Language: Pwo
Alternate Name: Puguli
Location: Burkina Faso
Population: 7,500
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 242
Language: Isala
Alternate Name: Sisala
Location: Ghana (Upper)
Population: 62,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Other Sources:

   Rowland, Ron. 1966. "Sissala Noun Groups," JWAL 3:1, 23-8.
WALS

Consonant system:

   p t k kp
b d ɡ ɡb
    č
    dz
f s h
v z
m n ñ ŋ ŋm
    l
    r

Stops: p b t d k ɡ kp ɡb
Affricates: dz č
Fricatives: f v s z h
Nasals: m n ñ ŋ ŋm
Laterals: l
Vibrants: r
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   i u
I ʋ
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
    a

Front Vowels: i I e ɛ
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u ʋ o ɔ
Modified Vowels: vowel harmony
Tones: hi lo ris fall
Noun Number: s p
Syntax: SVO
Number: 243
Language: Chakali
Location: Ghana
Population: 5,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 244
Language: Tampulma
Location: N Ghana (Northern)
Population: 7,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Other Sources: Bergman, Richard, Ian Gray and Claire Gray. 1969. The Phonology of Tampulma. Ghana: Institute of African Studies, Univ of Ghana.
Consonant system:

   p t k kp
b d ɡ ɡb
    č
    ɡ̌
f s h
v z
m n ñ ŋ ŋm
    l
    ɾ

Stops: p b t d k ɡ kp ɡb
Affricates: č ɡ̌
Fricatives: f v s z h
Nasals: m n ñ ŋ ŋm
Laterals: l
Vibrants: ɾ
Modified Consonants: c̄ m n ŋ r
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   i u
I ʋ
e o
ɛ ɔ
    a

Front Vowels: i I e ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u ʋ o ɔ
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Nasal Vowels:

   ṽ all
v̄̃ all

Modified Vowels:

   vowel harmony
nasal harmony

Syllable: (C)V(C) Nˈ
Tones: hi lo downstep downdrift
Noun Number: s p
Articles: def
Syntax: SVO NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N N+A+Num
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 245
Language: Vagala
Location: Ghana
Population: 5,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 246
Language: Mo
Alternate Name: Degha
Location: Ghana
Population: 11,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 247
Language: Kabre
Alternate Name: Kabiyé
Location: Togo
Population: 157,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Grammar: Delord,J. n.d. Morphologie abregée du kabrè. Dakar: Univ of Dakar.
Consonant system:

   p t̪ k kp
b d̪ ḍ
    č
    ɡ̌

f s x
    z ɣ
m n̪ ñ
    l̪

Stops: p b t̪ d̪ ḍ k kp
Affricates: č ɡ̌
Fricatives: f s z x ɣ
Nasals: m n̪ ñ
Laterals: l̪
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   i u
I ʋ
e o
ɛ ɔ
    a

Front Vowels: i I e ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u ʋ o ɔ
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Modified Vowels: vowel harmony
Tones: hi mid lo
Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: 6
Demonstratives: 2
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3 6
3 & 6 vary with noun class

Syntax: SVO NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 248
Language: Lamba1
Location: Benin
Population: 29,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Grammar: Prost, A. n.d. Lamba. Dakar: Univ of Dakar.
Consonant system:

   p t̪ c k kp
    d̪
f s̪
m n̪ ñ ŋ
    l̪
    r

Stops: p t̪ d̪ c k kp
Fricatives: f s̪
Nasals: m n̪ ñ ŋ
Laterals: l̪
Vibrants: r
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   i u
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
    a

Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Long Vowels: v̄ all ǝ
Nasal Vowels: ı̃ ẽ ã ũ õ
Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: 6
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3 6
+ indef
3 & 6 vary with noun class

Syntax: SVO NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N
Prep/Post: (PREP)/POST
Number: 249
Language: Tem
Location: Benin
Population: 130,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Other Sources: LWA
Consonant system:

   




Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: noun classes
Syntax: GN POSS-N
Number: 250
Language: Chala
Location: Togo
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 251
Language: Delo
Location: Togo
Population: 1,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 252
Language: Bago
Location: Togo
Population: 6,100
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Consonant system:

   




Number: 253
Language: Kirma
Alternate Name: Cerma
Location: Burkina Faso
Population: 30,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Grammar: Prost, André. 1964. Contribution à l'étude des langues voltaı̈ques. Dakar: IFAN.
Consonant system:

   p t c k kp
b d ɟ ɡ ɡb
f s h
v
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: p b t d c ɟ k ɡ kp ɡb
Fricatives: f v s h
Nasals: m n ñ ŋ
Laterals: l
Vibrants: r
Modified Consonants: c̄ m n l r
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   i u
e (ǝ) o
    a

Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: (ǝ) a
Back Vowels: u o
Nasal Vowels: ṽ all
Syllable: (C)V(C)
Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: 6
Demonstratives: 2
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3 6
3 & 6 vary with noun class

Syntax: SVO NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N
Prep/Post: (PREP)/POST
Number: 254
Language: Tyurama
Location: Burkina Faso
Population: 27,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Grammar: Prost, André. 1964. Contribution à l'étude des langues voltaı̈ques. Dakar: IFAN.
Consonant system:

   p t c k kp
b d ɟ ɡ ɡb
f s h
v
m n ñ ŋm
    l
    r

Stops: p b t d c ɟ k ɡ kp ɡb
Fricatives: f v s h
Nasals: m n ñ ŋm
Laterals: l
Vibrants: r
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   i y u
e œ ǝ o
    a

Front Vowels: i y e œ
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o
Nasal Vowels: ṽ all but y ǝ
Syllable: (C)(C)V(C)
Noun Number: s p
Noun Classes: 4
Articles: def
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3 6
3 & 6 vary with noun class

Syntax: SVO NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N
Prep/Post: (PREP)/POST
Number: 255
Language: Lobi
Location: SW Burkina Faso
Population: 211,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Grammar:

   Lamothe, Charles. 1966. Esquisse du système grammatical lobi. Paris: CNRS.
Vaillant, M. 1967. Esquisse grammaticale du lobiri. Dakar: Univ of Dakar.

Other Sources: Labouret, H. 1958. Nouvelles notes sur les tribus du rameau lobi. Dakar: IFAN.
Consonant system:

   p ph t th k kh kp ʔ
b ɓ d ɡ ɡb
    č
    ɡ̌
f š h
v
m n ñ
    l ʔl
    r

Stops: p ph b ɓ t th d k kh ɡ kp ɡb ʔ
Affricates: č ɡ̌
Fricatives: f v š h
Nasals: m n ñ
Laterals: l ʔl
Vibrants: r
Glides: j ʔj w ʔw
Vowel system:

   i u
e ǝ o
ɛ ɔ
    a

Front Vowels: i e ɛ
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Long Vowels: v̄ all
Nasal Vowels:

   ṽ all
v̄̃ all

Modified Vowels: vowel harmony
Syllable: (C)V(C)
Noun Number: s p
Demonstratives: 2 + ref
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3ai 6

Syntax: SVO NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N
Prep/Post: (PREP)/POST
Number: 256
Language: Dan
Location: S Burkina Faso
Population: 8,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Gur: Doghose-Gurunsi
Other Sources: Labouret, H. 1958. Nouvelles notes sur les tribus du rameau lobi. Dakar: IFAN.
Consonant system:

   p t k kp
b ɓ d ɗ ɡ ɡb
f s h
v z
m n ñ ŋ
    l
    r

Stops: p b ɓ t d ɗ k ɡ kp ɡb
Fricatives: f v s z h
Nasals: m n ñ ŋ
Laterals: l
Vibrants: r
Modified Consonants: cj p b t d k ɡ f s n
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   i y u
e ø o
ɛ ɔ
    a

Front Vowels: i y e ø ɛ
Central Vowels: a
Back Vowels: u o ɔ
Long Vowels: ī ē ō
Nasal Vowels: ı̃ ẽ ã ũ õ
Syllable: (C)V(C)
Demonstratives: 2 + ref
Pronouns:

   1 4
2 5
3 6

Syntax: SVO NA GN ND N-NUM POSS-N
Prep/Post: POST
Number: 257
Language: Kam
Location: Nigeria
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Adamawa
Consonant system:

   




Number: 258
Language: Longuda
Location: NE Nigeria (Northeastern)
Population: 32,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Adamawa
Other Sources:

   Newman, John and Bonnie Newman. 1974. "Longuda," in TNTS, 109-16.
Newman, Bonnie. 1976. "Deep and Surface Structure of the Longuda Clause," Linguistics 171, 35-68.
LWA

Consonant system:

   p t̪ t k (ʔ)
b d ɡ
    č
    ɡ̌
f s h
    z
m n ñ
    l ʎ
    r

Stops: p b t̪ t d k ɡ (ʔ)
Affricates: č ɡ̌
Fricatives: f s z h
Nasals: m n ñ
Laterals: l ʎ
Vibrants: r
Glides: j w
Vowel system:

   i u
e ǝ o
    a

Front Vowels: i e
Central Vowels: ǝ a
Back Vowels: u o
Long Vowels: ē ā
Nasal Vowels: ṽ all
Tones: hi lo
Noun Number: s p
Articles: def
Pronouns:

   1 4ie
2 5
3 6
4i=5

Syntax: SVO NA NG ND N-NUM N-POSS
Prep/Post: PREP
Number: 259
Language: Fali
Location: Cameroon
Population: 50,000
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Adamawa
Consonant system:

   




Number: 260
Language: Nimbari
Location: Cameroon
Classification: Niger-Kordofanian: Niger-Congo: North Central: Adamawa-Ubangian: Adamawa
Consonant system:

   




typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-modifiedvo,typology-tones,typology-nounnumber,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-modifiedvo,typology-syllable,typology-tones,typology-nounnumber,typology-articles,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-modifiedvo,typology-tones,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-syntax,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-alternaten,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-syllable,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-syllable,typology-nounnumber,typology-nounclasse,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-grammar,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-modifiedvo,typology-syllable,typology-nounnumber,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-modifiedco,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-syllable,typology-demonstrat,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-othersourc,typology-consonants,typology-stops,typology-affricates,typology-fricatives,typology-nasals,typology-laterals,typology-vibrants,typology-glides,typology-vowels,typology-frontvowel,typology-centralvow,typology-backvowels,typology-longvowels,typology-nasalvowel,typology-tones,typology-nounnumber,typology-articles,typology-pronouns,typology-syntax,typology-preppost,typology-language,typology-location,typology-population,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,typology-language,typology-location,typology-classifica,typology-consonants,
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